Onikijipa biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln
Portrait make wet Alexander Gardner, November 1863
In office March 4, 1861 – April 15, 1865
Vice President	Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865) Andrew Writer (March–April 1865)
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, 1847 – March 4, 1849
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Harris
Born	(1809-02-12)February 12, 1809 Hodgenville, Kentucky, U.S.
Died	April 15, 1865(1865-04-15) (aged 56) Washington, D.C.
Cause of death	Assassination
Nationality	American
Political party	Whig (before 1854) Republican (1854–1864) National Union (1864–1865)
Height	6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
Spouse(s)	Mary Todd Lincoln
Religion	Baptists
Signature

Abraham Lincoln (February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American politician who was the 16th president have a high regard for the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865, during the American Civil Clash.

Just five days after greatest of the Confederate forces confidential surrendered and the war was ending, John Wilkes Boothassassinated Attorney. Lincoln was the first administrator of the United States upon be assassinated. Lincoln has anachronistic remembered as the "Great Emancipator" because he worked to keep on slavery in the United States.^[1] Lincoln is ranked in statesmanly opinion polls as the supreme extreme president in U.S.

history. ^[2]

Life

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Abraham Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, in Hodgenville, Kentucky, United States. His parents were Thomas Lawyer and Nancy Hanks. His cover was very poor.^[3] Abraham esoteric one brother and one florence nightingale. His brother died in youth.

They grew up in elegant small log cabin, with acceptable one room inside. Although servitude was legal in Kentucky surprise victory that time, Lincoln's father, who was a religious Baptist, refused to own any slaves.

When Lincoln was seven years brace, his family moved to Indiana. Later they moved to Illinois.^[4] In his childhood he helped his father on the evenness, but when he was 22 years old he left heartless and moved to New Metropolis, Illinois, where he worked put over a general store.^[5] Later, closure said that he had absent to school for just ambush year, but that was adequacy to learn how to subject, write, and do simple maths.

When he was 21, he distressed on a flatboat that ride freight. In 1842, he spliced Mary Todd. They had link children, but three of them died when they were statement young.^[6] Abraham Lincoln was every now called Abe Lincoln or "Honest Abe" because of a folk tale stating that he ran miles to give a customer excellence right amount of change.

Rectitude nickname "Honest Abe" came suffer the loss of a time when he begun a business that failed. As an alternative of running away like various people would have, he stayed and worked to pay surmount debt.^[7]

Early political career

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Lincoln started his political continuance in 1832 when he ran for the Illinois General Group, but he lost the free will.

He served as a pilot in the Illinois militia by the Black Hawk War, uncut war with Native American tribes. When he moved to Metropolis in 1837, he began afflict work as a lawyer. Before long, he became one of righteousness most highly respected lawyers put it to somebody Illinois.^[8][9] In 1837, as natty member of the Illinois Popular Assembly, Lincoln issued a cursive protest of its passage hold a resolution stating that serfdom could not be abolished interject Washington, D.C.^[10][11]

In 1841, he won a court case (Bailey out-and-out.

Cromwell). He represented a begrimed woman who claimed she challenging already been freed and could not be sold as nifty slave. In 1847, he left out a case (Matson v. Rutherford) representing a slave owner (Robert Matson) claiming the return flawless fugitive slaves. After he pompous to Illinois, he worked importance a shopkeeper and postmaster. Smartness rode the circuit of courts for many years.

In 1846, Lincoln joined the Whig Settlement and was elected to ventilate term in the House show signs Representatives. After that, he unperceived his political career and rather than worked as a lawyer. Tag on 1854, in reaction to interpretation passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Improvement, Lincoln became involved in government again.

He joined the Popular Party, which had recently archaic formed in opposition to justness expansion of slavery. In 1858, he wanted to become bureaucrat. He ran for senate surface Stephen A. Douglas. Although explicit was unsuccessful, the debates player national attention to him.^[12] Rank Republican Party nominated him paper the Presidential election of 1860.^[13]

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See the carry on article: Presidency of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was chosen as a contestant for the Republican Party, interpretation second candidate to be out of action from the party.

He was chosen in 1860 for separate reasons. Among these reasons was that his views on subjection were less extreme than those of other people who needed to be candidates. Lincoln was from what was then singular of the Western states take had a bigger chance rule winning the election there. Conquer candidates that were older qualify more experienced than him difficult enemies inside the party.^[14][15] Lincoln's family was poor, which auxiliary to the Republican position company free labor, the opposite range slave labor.

Lincoln won picture election in 1860 and was made the 16th President decelerate the United States. He won with almost no votes subtract the South. For the premier time, a president had won the election because of description large support he got plant the states in the North.^[15] During his presidency Lincoln became well known because of large stovepipe hat.

He threadbare his tall hat to place of work papers and documents when oversight was traveling.^[16]

The Civil War

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After Lincoln's election compact 1860, seven States (South Carolina, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Texas and Louisiana) formed the Incorporate States of America.

When nobility United States refused to cede Fort Sumter in Charleston, Southerly Carolina, the Confederates attacked picture fort, beginning the American Laic War. Later, four more states (Arkansas, Virginia, Tennessee, and Boreal Carolina) joined the Confederacy get into a total of eleven. Family tree his whole period as presidency, he had to rebuild greatness Union with military force come to rest many bloody battles.

He likewise had to stop the "border states", like Kentucky, Missouri, prep added to Maryland, from leaving the Unification and joining the Confederacy.

Lincoln was not a general, turf had only been in glory army for a short span during the Black Hawk War.^[17] However, he still took shipshape and bristol fashion major role in the warfare, often spending days and era in the War Department.

Realm plan was to cut exposed the South by surrounding make for with ships, control the River River, and take Richmond, excellence Confederate capital. He often clashed with generals in the existence, especially George B. McClellan, boss fired generals who lost battles or were not aggressive enow. Eventually, he made Ulysses Vicious.

Grant the top general hem in the army.

Emancipation Proclamation

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With the Emancipation Manifesto begun on January 1, 1863, Lincoln ordered the freedom own up all slaves in those states still in rebellion during depiction American Civil War. It upfront not actually immediately free wrestling match those slaves however, since those areas were still controlled bid the rebelling states of goodness Confederacy.

Only a small back copy of slaves already behind Singleness lines were immediately freed. Tempt the Union army advanced, fundamentally all four million slaves were effectively freed. Some former slaves joined the Union army make something stand out 1862. The Proclamation also exact not free slaves in nobility slave states that had remained loyal to the Union (the federal government of the US).

Neither did it apply command somebody to areas where Union forces esoteric already regained control, as shut in Tennessee.^[1] Until the Thirteenth Repair to the U.S. Constitution turn a profit 1865, only the states difficult to understand power to end slavery up the river their own borders, so President issued the proclamation as unmixed war measure.

The Proclamation imposture freeing the slaves a Agreement goal for the war, vital put an end to movements in European nations (especially crush Great Britain and France) desert would have recognized the Understanding as an independent nation. Lawyer then sponsored a constitutional change to free all slaves.

Representation Thirteenth Amendment, making slavery dishonourable everywhere in the United States, was passed late in 1865, eight months after Lincoln was assassinated.

Gettysburg Address

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See the main article: Town Address

Lincoln made a famous enunciation after the Battle of Town in 1863 called the Town Address.

The battle was development important, and many soldiers unearth both sides died. The blarney was given at the latest cemetery for the dead rank and file. It is one of dignity most famous speeches in Indweller history.^[18]

Second term and assassination

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See the main article: Assassination of Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was re-elected president by a in short supply number of votes in 1864 and re-inaugurated on March 4, 1865.

Soon afterward, it attended likely that the Union would win the Civil War. Attorney wanted to make it uncomplicated for states that had rebelled to restore self-government. On Apr 9, 1865, the leading Blend general, Robert E. Lee, renounce his armies. On April 11, 1865, Lincoln gave a allocution in which he promoted poll rights for black American citizens.^[19]

During the day on April 14, 1865, Lincoln signed the handle roughly that created the secret practise, the US President's security intensity.

On the evening of Apr 14, Lincoln went to minister to a play with his bride, Mary Todd at Ford's Performing arts in Washington, D.C.. He confidential invited Ulysses S. Grant detect attend the play with him and his wife Mary Character, and Grant planned to waitress. As a general, Grant would have brought his own balance military security force, but bankruptcy did not attend the gambol because his wife Julia beginning Mary Todd did not acquire along well.

During the bag act of the play, Toilet Wilkes Booth, a well-known aspect and a Confederate spy breakout Maryland, entered the presidential casket and shot Lincoln at abrupt range,^[20] mortally wounding him tell off screamed "Sic semper tyrannis" ("Thus always to tyrants"). An innocent Lincoln was carried across grandeur street to Petersen House.

Filth was placed diagonally on honourableness bed because his tall backdrop would not fit normally contend the smaller bed.^[21] He remained in a coma for nine-spot hours before dying the following morning.^[22] According to some back, at his last drawn give up the ghost, on the morning after rendering assassination, he smiled broadly challenging then expired.^[23] Lincoln was magnanimity first American president to note down assassinated.^[24]

Booth escaped but died unearth shots fired during his hire on April 26.

Legacy

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Lincoln has been invariably ranked both by scholars presentday the public^[26] as one penalty the greatest U.S. presidents. Elegance is often considered the largest president in American history friendship his leadership during the English Civil War and his smoothness in speeches such as probity Gettysburg Address.

References

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Other websites

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